Removal of the breast cancer and a small area of healthy tissue around it; also called a lumpectomy, complete local excision, partial mastectomy or wide local excision

Is a part of the body’s central nervous system.

A type of radiotherapy treatment that implants radioactive material sealed in needles or seeds into or near the tumour.

A test where a long tube with a tiny light and camera attached to it is put down the throat through the mouth into the lungs so a doctor can have a look.

These are genes that normally prevent a patient developing breast or ovarian cancer. If a patient has a fault in one of these genes, they have a high chance of developing breast or ovarian cancer, although it does not mean that they are certain to develop cancer.

A spongy material within some bones that makes different types of blood cells.

A drug that stops a person feeling pain during a medical procedure. A local anaesthetic numbs only a part of the body; a general anaesthetic puts a person to sleep for a period of time.

Treatments used instead of conventional treatments.

Killing cancer with heat or cold. A scan or ultrasound is used to see what is happening inside your body, and using fine needles, heat or cold are applied.